Bubble Protective Film Market
Table of Contents
1 Research Methodology and Statistical Scope
1.1 Market Definition and Statistical Scope of Bubble Protective Film
1.2 Key Market Segments
1.2.1 Bubble Protective Film Segment by Type
1.2.2 Bubble Protective Film Segment by Application
1.3 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.3.1 Research Methodology
1.3.2 Research Process
1.3.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
1.3.4 Base Year
1.3.5 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Bubble Protective Film Market Overview
2.1 Global Market Overview
2.1.1 Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size (M USD) Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
2.1.2 Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
2.2 Market Segment Executive Summary
2.3 Global Market Size by Region
3 Bubble Protective Film Market Competitive Landscape
3.1 Global Bubble Protective Film Sales by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
3.2 Global Bubble Protective Film Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
3.3 Bubble Protective Film Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
3.4 Global Bubble Protective Film Average Price by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
3.5 Manufacturers Bubble Protective Film Sales Sites, Area Served, Product Type
3.6 Bubble Protective Film Market Competitive Situation and Trends
3.6.1 Bubble Protective Film Market Concentration Rate
3.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Bubble Protective Film Players Market Share by Revenue
3.6.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
4 Bubble Protective Film Industry Chain Analysis
4.1 Bubble Protective Film Industry Chain Analysis
4.2 Market Overview of Key Raw Materials
4.3 Midstream Market Analysis
4.4 Downstream Customer Analysis
5 The Development and Dynamics of Bubble Protective Film Market
5.1 Key Development Trends
5.2 Driving Factors
5.3 Market Challenges
5.4 Market Restraints
5.5 Industry News
5.5.1 New Product Developments
5.5.2 Mergers & Acquisitions
5.5.3 Expansions
5.5.4 Collaboration/Supply Contracts
5.6 Industry Policies
6 Bubble Protective Film Market Segmentation by Type
6.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
6.2 Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
6.3 Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
6.4 Global Bubble Protective Film Price by Type (2019-2024)
7 Bubble Protective Film Market Segmentation by Application
7.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
7.2 Global Bubble Protective Film Market Sales by Application (2019-2024)
7.3 Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size (M USD) by Application (2019-2024)
7.4 Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Growth Rate by Application (2019-2024)
8 Bubble Protective Film Market Segmentation by Region
8.1 Global Bubble Protective Film Sales by Region
8.1.1 Global Bubble Protective Film Sales by Region
8.1.2 Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share by Region
8.2 North America
8.2.1 North America Bubble Protective Film Sales by Country
8.2.2 U.S.
8.2.3 Canada
8.2.4 Mexico
8.3 Europe
8.3.1 Europe Bubble Protective Film Sales by Country
8.3.2 Germany
8.3.3 France
8.3.4 U.K.
8.3.5 Italy
8.3.6 Russia
8.4 Asia Pacific
8.4.1 Asia Pacific Bubble Protective Film Sales by Region
8.4.2 China
8.4.3 Japan
8.4.4 South Korea
8.4.5 India
8.4.6 Southeast Asia
8.5 South America
8.5.1 South America Bubble Protective Film Sales by Country
8.5.2 Brazil
8.5.3 Argentina
8.5.4 Columbia
8.6 Middle East and Africa
8.6.1 Middle East and Africa Bubble Protective Film Sales by Region
8.6.2 Saudi Arabia
8.6.3 UAE
8.6.4 Egypt
8.6.5 Nigeria
8.6.6 South Africa
9 Key Companies Profile
9.1 Synthetic Packers
9.1.1 Synthetic Packers Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
9.1.2 Synthetic Packers Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
9.1.3 Synthetic Packers Bubble Protective Film Product Market Performance
9.1.4 Synthetic Packers Business Overview
9.1.5 Synthetic Packers Bubble Protective Film SWOT Analysis
9.1.6 Synthetic Packers Recent Developments
9.2 Supreme Industries
9.2.1 Supreme Industries Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
9.2.2 Supreme Industries Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
9.2.3 Supreme Industries Bubble Protective Film Product Market Performance
9.2.4 Supreme Industries Business Overview
9.2.5 Supreme Industries Bubble Protective Film SWOT Analysis
9.2.6 Supreme Industries Recent Developments
9.3 PATKAR EXTRUSIONS
9.3.1 PATKAR EXTRUSIONS Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
9.3.2 PATKAR EXTRUSIONS Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
9.3.3 PATKAR EXTRUSIONS Bubble Protective Film Product Market Performance
9.3.4 PATKAR EXTRUSIONS Bubble Protective Film SWOT Analysis
9.3.5 PATKAR EXTRUSIONS Business Overview
9.3.6 PATKAR EXTRUSIONS Recent Developments
9.4 Tender - Care International
9.4.1 Tender - Care International Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
9.4.2 Tender - Care International Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
9.4.3 Tender - Care International Bubble Protective Film Product Market Performance
9.4.4 Tender - Care International Business Overview
9.4.5 Tender - Care International Recent Developments
9.5 Valor Industries
9.5.1 Valor Industries Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
9.5.2 Valor Industries Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
9.5.3 Valor Industries Bubble Protective Film Product Market Performance
9.5.4 Valor Industries Business Overview
9.5.5 Valor Industries Recent Developments
9.6 Goldcoin
9.6.1 Goldcoin Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
9.6.2 Goldcoin Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
9.6.3 Goldcoin Bubble Protective Film Product Market Performance
9.6.4 Goldcoin Business Overview
9.6.5 Goldcoin Recent Developments
9.7 Ferplast
9.7.1 Ferplast Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
9.7.2 Ferplast Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
9.7.3 Ferplast Bubble Protective Film Product Market Performance
9.7.4 Ferplast Business Overview
9.7.5 Ferplast Recent Developments
9.8 Pioneer Enterprises
9.8.1 Pioneer Enterprises Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
9.8.2 Pioneer Enterprises Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
9.8.3 Pioneer Enterprises Bubble Protective Film Product Market Performance
9.8.4 Pioneer Enterprises Business Overview
9.8.5 Pioneer Enterprises Recent Developments
9.9 Starpack Overseas
9.9.1 Starpack Overseas Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
9.9.2 Starpack Overseas Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
9.9.3 Starpack Overseas Bubble Protective Film Product Market Performance
9.9.4 Starpack Overseas Business Overview
9.9.5 Starpack Overseas Recent Developments
9.10 Ozerden
9.10.1 Ozerden Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
9.10.2 Ozerden Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
9.10.3 Ozerden Bubble Protective Film Product Market Performance
9.10.4 Ozerden Business Overview
9.10.5 Ozerden Recent Developments
9.11 Sealed Air
9.11.1 Sealed Air Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
9.11.2 Sealed Air Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
9.11.3 Sealed Air Bubble Protective Film Product Market Performance
9.11.4 Sealed Air Business Overview
9.11.5 Sealed Air Recent Developments
10 Bubble Protective Film Market Forecast by Region
10.1 Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size Forecast
10.2 Global Bubble Protective Film Market Forecast by Region
10.2.1 North America Market Size Forecast by Country
10.2.2 Europe Bubble Protective Film Market Size Forecast by Country
10.2.3 Asia Pacific Bubble Protective Film Market Size Forecast by Region
10.2.4 South America Bubble Protective Film Market Size Forecast by Country
10.2.5 Middle East and Africa Forecasted Consumption of Bubble Protective Film by Country
11 Forecast Market by Type and by Application (2025-2030)
11.1 Global Bubble Protective Film Market Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
11.1.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Bubble Protective Film by Type (2025-2030)
11.1.2 Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
11.1.3 Global Forecasted Price of Bubble Protective Film by Type (2025-2030)
11.2 Global Bubble Protective Film Market Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
11.2.1 Global Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons) Forecast by Application
11.2.2 Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size (M USD) Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
12 Conclusion and Key Findings
List of Tables
Table 1. Introduction of the Type
Table 2. Introduction of the Application
Table 3. Market Size (M USD) Segment Executive Summary
Table 4. Bubble Protective Film Market Size Comparison by Region (M USD)
Table 5. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons) by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 6. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 7. Global Bubble Protective Film Revenue (M USD) by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 8. Global Bubble Protective Film Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 9. Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Bubble Protective Film as of 2022)
Table 10. Global Market Bubble Protective Film Average Price (USD/Ton) of Key Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 11. Manufacturers Bubble Protective Film Sales Sites and Area Served
Table 12. Manufacturers Bubble Protective Film Product Type
Table 13. Global Bubble Protective Film Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 14. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 15. Industry Chain Map of Bubble Protective Film
Table 16. Market Overview of Key Raw Materials
Table 17. Midstream Market Analysis
Table 18. Downstream Customer Analysis
Table 19. Key Development Trends
Table 20. Driving Factors
Table 21. Bubble Protective Film Market Challenges
Table 22. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales by Type (Kilotons)
Table 23. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size by Type (M USD)
Table 24. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons) by Type (2019-2024)
Table 25. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 26. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size (M USD) by Type (2019-2024)
Table 27. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 28. Global Bubble Protective Film Price (USD/Ton) by Type (2019-2024)
Table 29. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons) by Application
Table 30. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size by Application
Table 31. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Table 32. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 33. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (M USD)
Table 34. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 35. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Growth Rate by Application (2019-2024)
Table 36. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Table 37. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 38. North America Bubble Protective Film Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Table 39. Europe Bubble Protective Film Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Table 40. Asia Pacific Bubble Protective Film Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Table 41. South America Bubble Protective Film Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Table 42. Middle East and Africa Bubble Protective Film Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Table 43. Synthetic Packers Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
Table 44. Synthetic Packers Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
Table 45. Synthetic Packers Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 46. Synthetic Packers Business Overview
Table 47. Synthetic Packers Bubble Protective Film SWOT Analysis
Table 48. Synthetic Packers Recent Developments
Table 49. Supreme Industries Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
Table 50. Supreme Industries Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
Table 51. Supreme Industries Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 52. Supreme Industries Business Overview
Table 53. Supreme Industries Bubble Protective Film SWOT Analysis
Table 54. Supreme Industries Recent Developments
Table 55. PATKAR EXTRUSIONS Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
Table 56. PATKAR EXTRUSIONS Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
Table 57. PATKAR EXTRUSIONS Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 58. PATKAR EXTRUSIONS Bubble Protective Film SWOT Analysis
Table 59. PATKAR EXTRUSIONS Business Overview
Table 60. PATKAR EXTRUSIONS Recent Developments
Table 61. Tender - Care International Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
Table 62. Tender - Care International Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
Table 63. Tender - Care International Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 64. Tender - Care International Business Overview
Table 65. Tender - Care International Recent Developments
Table 66. Valor Industries Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
Table 67. Valor Industries Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
Table 68. Valor Industries Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 69. Valor Industries Business Overview
Table 70. Valor Industries Recent Developments
Table 71. Goldcoin Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
Table 72. Goldcoin Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
Table 73. Goldcoin Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 74. Goldcoin Business Overview
Table 75. Goldcoin Recent Developments
Table 76. Ferplast Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
Table 77. Ferplast Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
Table 78. Ferplast Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 79. Ferplast Business Overview
Table 80. Ferplast Recent Developments
Table 81. Pioneer Enterprises Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
Table 82. Pioneer Enterprises Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
Table 83. Pioneer Enterprises Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 84. Pioneer Enterprises Business Overview
Table 85. Pioneer Enterprises Recent Developments
Table 86. Starpack Overseas Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
Table 87. Starpack Overseas Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
Table 88. Starpack Overseas Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 89. Starpack Overseas Business Overview
Table 90. Starpack Overseas Recent Developments
Table 91. Ozerden Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
Table 92. Ozerden Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
Table 93. Ozerden Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 94. Ozerden Business Overview
Table 95. Ozerden Recent Developments
Table 96. Sealed Air Bubble Protective Film Basic Information
Table 97. Sealed Air Bubble Protective Film Product Overview
Table 98. Sealed Air Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 99. Sealed Air Business Overview
Table 100. Sealed Air Recent Developments
Table 101. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Forecast by Region (2025-2030) & (Kilotons)
Table 102. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size Forecast by Region (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 103. North America Bubble Protective Film Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (Kilotons)
Table 104. North America Bubble Protective Film Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 105. Europe Bubble Protective Film Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (Kilotons)
Table 106. Europe Bubble Protective Film Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 107. Asia Pacific Bubble Protective Film Sales Forecast by Region (2025-2030) & (Kilotons)
Table 108. Asia Pacific Bubble Protective Film Market Size Forecast by Region (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 109. South America Bubble Protective Film Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (Kilotons)
Table 110. South America Bubble Protective Film Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 111. Middle East and Africa Bubble Protective Film Consumption Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (Units)
Table 112. Middle East and Africa Bubble Protective Film Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 113. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Forecast by Type (2025-2030) & (Kilotons)
Table 114. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size Forecast by Type (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 115. Global Bubble Protective Film Price Forecast by Type (2025-2030) & (USD/Ton)
Table 116. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons) Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
Table 117. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size Forecast by Application (2025-2030) & (M USD)
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Bubble Protective Film
Figure 2. Data Triangulation
Figure 3. Key Caveats
Figure 4. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size (M USD), 2019-2030
Figure 5. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size (M USD) (2019-2030)
Figure 6. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons) & (2019-2030)
Figure 7. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
Figure 8. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
Figure 9. Evaluation Matrix of Regional Market Development Potential
Figure 10. Bubble Protective Film Market Size by Country (M USD)
Figure 11. Bubble Protective Film Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2023
Figure 12. Global Bubble Protective Film Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2023
Figure 13. Bubble Protective Film Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2023
Figure 14. Global Market Bubble Protective Film Average Price (USD/Ton) of Key Manufacturers in 2023
Figure 15. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Bubble Protective Film Revenue in 2023
Figure 16. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
Figure 17. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Share by Type
Figure 18. Sales Market Share of Bubble Protective Film by Type (2019-2024)
Figure 19. Sales Market Share of Bubble Protective Film by Type in 2023
Figure 20. Market Size Share of Bubble Protective Film by Type (2019-2024)
Figure 21. Market Size Market Share of Bubble Protective Film by Type in 2023
Figure 22. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
Figure 23. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Share by Application
Figure 24. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Figure 25. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share by Application in 2023
Figure 26. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Figure 27. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Share by Application in 2023
Figure 28. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Growth Rate by Application (2019-2024)
Figure 29. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Figure 30. North America Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 31. North America Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share by Country in 2023
Figure 32. U.S. Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 33. Canada Bubble Protective Film Sales (Kilotons) and Growth Rate (2019-2024)
Figure 34. Mexico Bubble Protective Film Sales (Units) and Growth Rate (2019-2024)
Figure 35. Europe Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 36. Europe Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share by Country in 2023
Figure 37. Germany Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 38. France Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 39. U.K. Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 40. Italy Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 41. Russia Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 42. Asia Pacific Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (Kilotons)
Figure 43. Asia Pacific Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share by Region in 2023
Figure 44. China Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 45. Japan Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 46. South Korea Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 47. India Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 48. Southeast Asia Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 49. South America Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (Kilotons)
Figure 50. South America Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share by Country in 2023
Figure 51. Brazil Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 52. Argentina Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 53. Columbia Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 54. Middle East and Africa Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (Kilotons)
Figure 55. Middle East and Africa Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share by Region in 2023
Figure 56. Saudi Arabia Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 57. UAE Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 58. Egypt Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 59. Nigeria Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 60. South Africa Bubble Protective Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 61. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Forecast by Volume (2019-2030) & (Kilotons)
Figure 62. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Size Forecast by Value (2019-2030) & (M USD)
Figure 63. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
Figure 64. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Share Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
Figure 65. Global Bubble Protective Film Sales Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
Figure 66. Global Bubble Protective Film Market Share Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
Industry Market Size
