System Utilities Software Market
1 Report Business Overview
1.1 Study Scope
1.2 Market Analysis by Type
1.2.1 Global System Utilities Software Market Size Growth Rate by Type, 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
1.2.2 PC Cleaner Tool
1.2.3 PC Maintenance & Tune-up Utilities
1.2.4 Others
1.3 Market by Application
1.3.1 Global System Utilities Software Market Size Growth Rate by Application, 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
1.3.2 For Business Consumers
1.3.3 For Personal Consumers
1.4 Study Objectives
1.5 Years Considered
2 Global Growth Trends
2.1 Global System Utilities Software Market Perspective (2017-2028)
2.2 System Utilities Software Growth Trends by Region
2.2.1 System Utilities Software Market Size by Region: 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
2.2.2 System Utilities Software Historic Market Size by Region (2017-2022)
2.2.3 System Utilities Software Forecasted Market Size by Region (2023-2028)
2.3 System Utilities Software Market Dynamics
2.3.1 System Utilities Software Industry Trends
2.3.2 System Utilities Software Market Drivers
2.3.3 System Utilities Software Market Challenges
2.3.4 System Utilities Software Market Restraints
3 Competition Landscape by Key Players
3.1 Global Top System Utilities Software Players by Revenue
3.1.1 Global Top System Utilities Software Players by Revenue (2017-2022)
3.1.2 Global System Utilities Software Revenue Market Share by Players (2017-2022)
3.2 Global System Utilities Software Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
3.3 Players Covered: Ranking by System Utilities Software Revenue
3.4 Global System Utilities Software Market Concentration Ratio
3.4.1 Global System Utilities Software Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
3.4.2 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by System Utilities Software Revenue in 2021
3.5 System Utilities Software Key Players Head office and Area Served
3.6 Key Players System Utilities Software Product Solution and Service
3.7 Date of Enter into System Utilities Software Market
3.8 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
4 System Utilities Software Breakdown Data by Type
4.1 Global System Utilities Software Historic Market Size by Type (2017-2022)
4.2 Global System Utilities Software Forecasted Market Size by Type (2023-2028)
5 System Utilities Software Breakdown Data by Application
5.1 Global System Utilities Software Historic Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
5.2 Global System Utilities Software Forecasted Market Size by Application (2023-2028)
6 North America
6.1 North America System Utilities Software Market Size (2017-2028)
6.2 North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Type
6.2.1 North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2017-2022)
6.2.2 North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2023-2028)
6.2.3 North America System Utilities Software Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
6.3 North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Application
6.3.1 North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
6.3.2 North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2023-2028)
6.3.3 North America System Utilities Software Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
6.4 North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Country
6.4.1 North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
6.4.2 North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
6.4.3 United States
6.4.4 Canada
7 Europe
7.1 Europe System Utilities Software Market Size (2017-2028)
7.2 Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Type
7.2.1 Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2017-2022)
7.2.2 Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2023-2028)
7.2.3 Europe System Utilities Software Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
7.3 Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Application
7.3.1 Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
7.3.2 Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2023-2028)
7.3.3 Europe System Utilities Software Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
7.4 Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Country
7.4.1 Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
7.4.2 Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
7.4.3 Germany
7.4.4 France
7.4.5 U.K.
7.4.6 Italy
7.4.7 Russia
7.4.8 Nordic Countries
8 Asia-Pacific
8.1 Asia-Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size (2017-2028)
8.2 Asia-Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Type
8.2.1 Asia-Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2017-2022)
8.2.2 Asia-Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2023-2028)
8.2.3 Asia-Pacific System Utilities Software Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
8.3 Asia-Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Application
8.3.1 Asia-Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
8.3.2 Asia-Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2023-2028)
8.3.3 Asia-Pacific System Utilities Software Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
8.4 Asia-Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Region
8.4.1 Asia-Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Region (2017-2022)
8.4.2 Asia-Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Region (2023-2028)
8.4.3 China
8.4.4 Japan
8.4.5 South Korea
8.4.6 Southeast Asia
8.4.7 India
8.4.8 Australia
9 Latin America
9.1 Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size (2017-2028)
9.2 Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Type
9.2.1 Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2017-2022)
9.2.2 Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2023-2028)
9.2.3 Latin America System Utilities Software Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
9.3 Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Application
9.3.1 Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
9.3.2 Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2023-2028)
9.3.3 Latin America System Utilities Software Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
9.4 Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Country
9.4.1 Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
9.4.2 Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
9.4.3 Mexico
9.4.4 Brazil
10 Middle East & Africa
10.1 Middle East & Africa System Utilities Software Market Size (2017-2028)
10.2 Middle East & Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Type
10.2.1 Middle East & Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2017-2022)
10.2.2 Middle East & Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2023-2028)
10.2.3 Middle East & Africa System Utilities Software Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
10.3 Middle East & Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Application
10.3.1 Middle East & Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
10.3.2 Middle East & Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2023-2028)
10.3.3 Middle East & Africa System Utilities Software Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
10.4 Middle East & Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Country
10.4.1 Middle East & Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
10.4.2 Middle East & Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
10.4.3 Turkey
10.4.4 Saudi Arabia
10.4.5 UAE
11 Key Players Profiles
11.1 Iolo Technologies
11.1.1 Iolo Technologies Company Details
11.1.2 Iolo Technologies Business Overview
11.1.3 Iolo Technologies System Utilities Software Introduction
11.1.4 Iolo Technologies Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
11.1.5 Iolo Technologies Recent Developments
11.2 Glarysoft
11.2.1 Glarysoft Company Details
11.2.2 Glarysoft Business Overview
11.2.3 Glarysoft System Utilities Software Introduction
11.2.4 Glarysoft Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
11.2.5 Glarysoft Recent Developments
11.3 Pointstone Software
11.3.1 Pointstone Software Company Details
11.3.2 Pointstone Software Business Overview
11.3.3 Pointstone Software System Utilities Software Introduction
11.3.4 Pointstone Software Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
11.3.5 Pointstone Software Recent Developments
11.4 Avanquest
11.4.1 Avanquest Company Details
11.4.2 Avanquest Business Overview
11.4.3 Avanquest System Utilities Software Introduction
11.4.4 Avanquest Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
11.4.5 Avanquest Recent Developments
11.5 AVG
11.5.1 AVG Company Details
11.5.2 AVG Business Overview
11.5.3 AVG System Utilities Software Introduction
11.5.4 AVG Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
11.5.5 AVG Recent Developments
11.6 IObit
11.6.1 IObit Company Details
11.6.2 IObit Business Overview
11.6.3 IObit System Utilities Software Introduction
11.6.4 IObit Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
11.6.5 IObit Recent Developments
11.7 Systweak Software
11.7.1 Systweak Software Company Details
11.7.2 Systweak Software Business Overview
11.7.3 Systweak Software System Utilities Software Introduction
11.7.4 Systweak Software Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
11.7.5 Systweak Software Recent Developments
11.8 WinZip System
11.8.1 WinZip System Company Details
11.8.2 WinZip System Business Overview
11.8.3 WinZip System System Utilities Software Introduction
11.8.4 WinZip System Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
11.8.5 WinZip System Recent Developments
11.9 Ashampoo
11.9.1 Ashampoo Company Details
11.9.2 Ashampoo Business Overview
11.9.3 Ashampoo System Utilities Software Introduction
11.9.4 Ashampoo Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
11.9.5 Ashampoo Recent Developments
11.10 Norton Utilities
11.10.1 Norton Utilities Company Details
11.10.2 Norton Utilities Business Overview
11.10.3 Norton Utilities System Utilities Software Introduction
11.10.4 Norton Utilities Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
11.10.5 Norton Utilities Recent Developments
12 Analyst's Viewpoints/Conclusions
13 Appendix
13.1 Research Methodology
13.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.2 Data Source
13.2 Author Details
13.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Global System Utilities Software Market Size Growth Rate by Type (US$ Million), 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
Table 2. Key Players of PC Cleaner Tool
Table 3. Key Players of PC Maintenance & Tune-up Utilities
Table 4. Key Players of Others
Table 5. Global System Utilities Software Market Size Growth Rate by Application (US$ Million), 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
Table 6. Global System Utilities Software Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
Table 7. Global System Utilities Software Market Size by Region (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 8. Global System Utilities Software Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
Table 9. Global System Utilities Software Forecasted Market Size by Region (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 10. Global System Utilities Software Market Share by Region (2023-2028)
Table 11. System Utilities Software Market Trends
Table 12. System Utilities Software Market Drivers
Table 13. System Utilities Software Market Challenges
Table 14. System Utilities Software Market Restraints
Table 15. Global System Utilities Software Revenue by Players (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 16. Global System Utilities Software Revenue Share by Players (2017-2022)
Table 17. Global Top System Utilities Software by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in System Utilities Software as of 2021)
Table 18. Ranking of Global Top System Utilities Software Companies by Revenue (US$ Million) in 2021
Table 19. Global 5 Largest Players Market Share by System Utilities Software Revenue (CR5 and HHI) & (2017-2022)
Table 20. Key Players Headquarters and Area Served
Table 21. Key Players System Utilities Software Product Solution and Service
Table 22. Date of Enter into System Utilities Software Market
Table 23. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 24. Global System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 25. Global System Utilities Software Revenue Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
Table 26. Global System Utilities Software Forecasted Market Size by Type (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 27. Global System Utilities Software Revenue Market Share by Type (2023-2028)
Table 28. Global System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 29. Global System Utilities Software Revenue Share by Application (2017-2022)
Table 30. Global System Utilities Software Forecasted Market Size by Application (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 31. Global System Utilities Software Revenue Share by Application (2023-2028)
Table 32. North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 33. North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 34. North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 35. North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 36. North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 37. North America System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 38. Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 39. Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 40. Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 41. Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 42. Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 43. Europe System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 44. Asia Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 45. Asia Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 46. Asia Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 47. Asia Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 48. Asia Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Region (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 49. Asia Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size by Region (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 50. Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 51. Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 52. Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 53. Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 54. Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 55. Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 56. Middle East and Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 57. Middle East and Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Type (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 58. Middle East and Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 59. Middle East and Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Application (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 60. Middle East and Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 61. Middle East and Africa System Utilities Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 62. Iolo Technologies Company Details
Table 63. Iolo Technologies Business Overview
Table 64. Iolo Technologies System Utilities Software Product
Table 65. Iolo Technologies Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 66. Iolo Technologies Recent Developments
Table 67. Glarysoft Company Details
Table 68. Glarysoft Business Overview
Table 69. Glarysoft System Utilities Software Product
Table 70. Glarysoft Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 71. Glarysoft Recent Developments
Table 72. Pointstone Software Company Details
Table 73. Pointstone Software Business Overview
Table 74. Pointstone Software System Utilities Software Product
Table 75. Pointstone Software Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 76. Pointstone Software Recent Developments
Table 77. Avanquest Company Details
Table 78. Avanquest Business Overview
Table 79. Avanquest System Utilities Software Product
Table 80. Avanquest Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 81. Avanquest Recent Developments
Table 82. AVG Company Details
Table 83. AVG Business Overview
Table 84. AVG System Utilities Software Product
Table 85. AVG Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 86. AVG Recent Developments
Table 87. IObit Company Details
Table 88. IObit Business Overview
Table 89. IObit System Utilities Software Product
Table 90. IObit Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 91. IObit Recent Developments
Table 92. Systweak Software Company Details
Table 93. Systweak Software Business Overview
Table 94. Systweak Software System Utilities Software Product
Table 95. Systweak Software Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 96. Systweak Software Recent Developments
Table 97. WinZip System Company Details
Table 98. WinZip System Business Overview
Table 99. WinZip System System Utilities Software Product
Table 100. WinZip System Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 101. WinZip System Recent Developments
Table 102. Ashampoo Company Details
Table 103. Ashampoo Business Overview
Table 104. Ashampoo System Utilities Software Product
Table 105. Ashampoo Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 106. Ashampoo Recent Developments
Table 107. Norton Utilities Company Details
Table 108. Norton Utilities Business Overview
Table 109. Norton Utilities System Utilities Software Product
Table 110. Norton Utilities Revenue in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 111. Norton Utilities Recent Developments
Table 112. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 113. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 114. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Global System Utilities Software Market Share by Type: 2021 VS 2028
Figure 2. PC Cleaner Tool Features
Figure 3. PC Maintenance & Tune-up Utilities Features
Figure 4. Others Features
Figure 5. Global System Utilities Software Market Share by Application: 2021 VS 2028
Figure 6. For Business Consumers Case Studies
Figure 7. For Personal Consumers Case Studies
Figure 8. System Utilities Software Report Years Considered
Figure 9. Global System Utilities Software Market Size (US$ Million), Year-over-Year: 2017-2028
Figure 10. Global System Utilities Software Market Size, (US$ Million), 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
Figure 11. Global System Utilities Software Market Share by Region: 2021 VS 2028
Figure 12. Global System Utilities Software Market Share by Players in 2021
Figure 13. Global Top System Utilities Software Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in System Utilities Software as of 2021)
Figure 14. The Top 10 and 5 Players Market Share by System Utilities Software Revenue in 2021
Figure 15. North America System Utilities Software Market Size YoY (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 16. North America System Utilities Software Market Size Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 17. North America System Utilities Software Market Size Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 18. North America System Utilities Software Market Size Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 19. United States System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 20. Canada System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 21. Europe System Utilities Software Market Size YoY (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 22. Europe System Utilities Software Market Size Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 23. Europe System Utilities Software Market Size Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 24. Europe System Utilities Software Market Size Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 25. Germany System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 26. France System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 27. U.K. System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 28. Italy System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 29. Russia System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 30. Nordic Countries System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 31. Asia-Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size YoY (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 32. Asia Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 33. Asia Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 34. Asia Pacific System Utilities Software Market Size Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 35. China System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 36. Japan System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 37. South Korea System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 38. Southeast Asia System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 39. India System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 40. Australia System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
List of Figures
Figure 41. Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size YoY (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 42. Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 43. Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 44. Latin America System Utilities Software Market Size Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 45. Mexico System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 46. Brazil System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 47. Middle East & Africa System Utilities Software Market Size YoY (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 48. Middle East and Africa System Utilities Software Market Size Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 49. Middle East and Africa System Utilities Software Market Size Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 50. Middle East and Africa System Utilities Software Market Size Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 51. Turkey System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 52. Saudi Arabia System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 53. UAE System Utilities Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 54. Iolo Technologies Revenue Growth Rate in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 55. Glarysoft Revenue Growth Rate in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 56. Pointstone Software Revenue Growth Rate in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 57. Avanquest Revenue Growth Rate in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 58. AVG Revenue Growth Rate in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 59. IObit Revenue Growth Rate in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 60. Systweak Software Revenue Growth Rate in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 61. WinZip System Revenue Growth Rate in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 62. Ashampoo Revenue Growth Rate in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 63. Norton Utilities Revenue Growth Rate in System Utilities Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 64. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 65. Data Triangulation
Figure 66. Key Executives Interviewed